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语法要点

A woman who can smell Parkinson’s disease on people has worked with scientists to create the first test that can tell if someone has it.

who从句为定语从句，修饰woman；that从句为定语从句修饰test，这个从句中if从句为tell的宾语从句。

Joy Milne, from Perthin Scotland, has a rare condition which gives her a very strong sense of smell.

which从句是定语从句，修饰condition。

She thought her husband smelt different when he was 31 years old, but she only realised it was the disease she could smell after he was diagnosed with it at 44, and they met other people with it who smelt the same.

she could smell为定语从句（省略了关系词which/that），修饰disease；who从句为定语从句，修饰people。

was diagnosed，被诊断为，谓语被动语态（be done）。

After Milne told a scientist that she could smell Parkinson’s they thought that the smell was caused by a chemical change in skin oil, called sebum, triggered by Parkinson’s.

两个that从句不是定语从句，而是tell和think的宾语从句。

triggered by Parkinson’s过去分词短语做skin oil的定语。（过去分词有被动关系）

They collected sebum from people with Parkinson’s and compared it with sebum from healthy people, finding different chemicals in the two groups.

finding部分为现在分词短语，做结果状语。（现在分词有主动关系）

The test scientists have developed is 95% accurate in a laboratory and takes just three minutes. It analyses sebum, wiped from the back of the neck, by weighing the molecules (the building blocks of a substance) in it.

have developed谓语现在完成时态（have done）。

wiped部分为过去分词短语，做sebum的定语。

It is hoped the NHS will soon be able to use the test to spot and begin treatment of Parkinson’s disease more quickly.

（that）the…部分不是宾语从句，而是主语从句，形式主语it指代它。

She often avoids places with lots of smells, but she is now working with scientists to see if she can smell other things, like cancer.

if从句为宾语从句

每周背诵词汇&表达

（请按自己的熟悉程度选择使用）

super/ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的，顶好的，顶呱呱的 adv. 特别，格外

create/kriˈeɪt/ vt. 创造，创作，创建；造成，引起，产生(感觉或印象)

disease/dɪˈziːz/ n. 病，疾病；弊端，痼疾

damage/ˈdæmɪdʒ/ n. (有形的)损坏，破坏；损害；损害赔偿金 vt. 破坏，损害，伤害，毁坏

brain/breɪn/ n. 脑；智力，脑力

cause/kɔːz/ n. 原因，理由，动机 vt. 使发生，造成，引起，导致

stiff/stɪf/ adj. 不易弯曲(或活动)的，硬的，僵硬的；稠的；困难的

muscle/ˈmʌsl/ n. 肌肉，肌；体力；影响力

movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动，转动；移动；迁移；进步，进展

shaking/ˈʃeɪkɪŋ/ n. 摇动，抖动，颤动

Scotland/ˈskɒtlənd, ˈskɑːtlənd / n. 苏格兰

rare/reə(r), rer / adj. 稀有的，珍贵的，稀少的，稀罕的；半熟的，半生的

condition/kənˈdɪʃn/ n. 条件，状态，状况，境况 vt. 训练；使习惯于，使适应

a sense of … …感; …的感觉

realise /ˈrɪəlaɪz/ v. 意识到，了解，认识到，实现

diagnose/ˈdaɪəɡnəʊz, ˌdaɪəɡˈnoʊs / v. 诊断(疾病)；判断(问题的原因)

chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 化学的，与化学有关的；n. 化学制品，化学品

skin oil皮肤油脂；护肤油

trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/ vt. 触发，引起，发动 n. 触发器，(枪的)扳机；起因，诱因

collect/kəˈlekt/ v. 收集，采集，收藏，集合，收拾好，募捐

compare/kəmˈpeə(r), kəmˈper / v. 比较，对比；将…比作

group/ɡruːp/ n. 组，群，簇，集团，乐团，乐队 v. (使)成群；把…分组

develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 发展；壮大；开发，研制

accurate/ˈækjərət/ adj. 精确的，正确无误的，准确的(掷、射、击等)

laboratory/ləˈbɒrətri, ˈlæbrətɔːri/ n. 实验室，实验大楼

analyse /ˈænəlaɪz/ vt. 分析

wipe /waɪp/ vt. 擦，拭，抹，揩；抹掉，消除，抹去

neck / nek/ n. 脖子；衣领；（物体的）细长部分，颈部

weigh /weɪ/ v.有…重，重；称重量，量体重；权衡；认真考虑，斟酌

molecule /ˈmɒlɪkjuːl, ˈmɑːlɪkjuːl / n. 分子

building blocksn. 积木；组成部分，构成要素

substance/ˈsʌbstəns/ n. 物质；物品，东西；主旨，要点

spot/spɒt, spɑːt / n. 斑点，污渍；地点, 场所；疹, 疱疹 v. 看见；玷污

treatment/ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 治疗；疗法；对待；待遇；处理工

curse/kɜːs/ n. 诅咒；咒语 v. 诅咒，咒骂

benefit/ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 利益；益处 v.使受益（~ sb.），得益于（~ from）

avoid/əˈvɔɪd/ vt. 避免，防止；回避，躲避（~ doing sth）

cancer/ˈkænsə(r)/ n. 癌症；(社会)毒瘤